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Grammatical article in English

The () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the nearly frequently used word in the English language language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to business relationship for seven percent of all printed English-language words.^[1] It is derived from gendered articles in Erstwhile English language which combined in Middle English and now has a single course used with pronouns of any gender.^[a] The word can exist used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with whatever alphabetic character. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed by a vowel sound or used as an emphatic class.^[two]

Modernistic American and New Zealand English accept an increasing trend to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and utilize /ðə/, even before a vowel.^{[3] [4]}

Sometimes the word "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the expert", not just "an" skillful in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English are described under "Use of articles". The, equally in phrases like "the more the better", has a distinct origin and etymology and by adventure has evolved to be identical to the definite article.^[five]

Article

The and that are common developments from the same Onetime English arrangement. Former English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Middle English, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modern English word the.^[six]

Geographic usage

An area in which the employ or non-apply of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, isle groups (archipelagoes) and then on – are generally used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the North Sea, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, individual islands, administrative units and settlements generally do not take a "the" article (Europe, Jura, Austria (but the Democracy of Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (only the County of York), Madrid).
• outset with a mutual noun followed by of may take the commodity, as in the Isle of Wight or the Island of Portland (compare Christmas Island), same applies to names of institutions: Cambridge University, just the University of Cambridge.
• Some place names include an article, such as the Bronx, The Oaks, The Rock, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Village, The Village (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the Due west End, the Eastward Terminate, The Hague, or the City of London (but London). Formerly e.g. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.^[7]
• mostly described atypical names, the Due north Island (New Zealand) or the Due west Country (England), accept an article.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, most exclude "the" merely there are some that attach to secondary rules:

• derivations from commonage common nouns such as "kingdom", "republic", "union", etc.: the Fundamental African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United States, the United kingdom, the Soviet Wedlock, the United Arab Emirates, including well-nigh country total names:^{[8] [9]} the Czechia (only Czechia), the Russian Federation (but Russia), the Principality of Monaco (simply Monaco), the State of Israel (but Israel) and the Democracy of Australia (only Australia).^{[x] [11] [12]}
• countries in a plural noun: the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Union of the comoros, the Maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahama islands.
• Singular derivations from "island" or "land" that hold administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Isle – exercise not take a "the" definite article.
• derivations from mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, even for singular, (the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[13] This usage is in decline, The gambia remains recommended whereas use of the Argentine for Argentina is considered erstwhile-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to as the Ukraine, a usage that was common during the 20th century, only this is considered incorrect and perchance offensive in modern usage.^[14] Sudan (but the Republic of the Sudan) and Southward Sudan (merely the Republic of South Sudan) are written nowadays without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is one of the most oft used words in English, at various times brusk abbreviations for it have been found:

• Barred thorn: the earliest abbreviation, it is used in manuscripts in the Old English language language. Information technology is the alphabetic character þ with a bold horizontal stroke through the ascender, and information technology represents the discussion þæt, meaning "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript due east or t) appear in Middle English manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are developed from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early on Modern manuscripts and in print (meet Ye form).

Occasional proposals have been made past individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their classic printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a letter like to Ħ to represent "Th", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[15]

In Middle English language, the (þe) was frequently abbreviated as a þ with a pocket-size eastward in a higher place it, like to the abbreviation for that, which was a þ with a modest t in a higher place it. During the latter Heart English and Early Modern English periods, the letter thorn (þ) in its common script, or cursive form, came to resemble a y shape. As a result, the use of a y with an e higher up it () as an abridgement became common. This can still be seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the Rex James Version of the Bible in places such as Romans 15:29, or in the Mayflower Compact. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y sound, even when so written.

The give-and-take "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abbreviation in Democracy countries for the honorific title "The Right Honourable", as in e.m. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[16]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English Letter Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Dictionary.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Course in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh Academy Printing. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.1." OED Online. Oxford University Printing, March 2016. Web. xi March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved 18 June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is it called The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to utilise".
9. ^ "FAO State Profiles". world wide web.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "Listing of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN Globe Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? past Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Accost, 21st ed., pp. 8–ix. A & C Black, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

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